Everything about Southold New York totally explained
The
Town of
Southold is in
Suffolk County,
New York,
USA. It is located in the northeastern tip of the county, on the
North Fork of
Long Island. The population was 20,599 at the 2000 census. The town also contains a
hamlet named
Southold, which was settled in 1640.
History
Southold was settled in 1640 and in most histories is reported as the first English settlement on
Long Island in the future
New York State although
Lion Gardiner established a manor on
Gardiner Island in
East Hampton a year earlier in 1639. The
Dutch had settled around
Albany,
New York in 1615 and at
Manhattan in 1625.
English
Puritans from
New Haven Colony in
Connecticut settled in Southold on October 21, 1640. Under the leadership of the Reverend
John Youngs, with Peter Hallock (after lots were drawn, the first to step ashore), the settlement consisted of the families of Barnabas Horton, John Budd,
John Conklin, William Wells, John Tuthill, Thomas Mapes, Richard Terry, Matthias Corwin, Robert Akerly, Zachariah Corey and Isaac Arnold. The land had been purchased in the summer of 1640 from an Indian tribe, the Corchaugs. The Indian name of what became Southold was Yenniock.
Southold was to remain under the jurisdiction of New Haven until 1662, and of the
Connecticut Colony until 1674. Both colonies sought to establish the town as a
theocracy and a principal difference between the two was that New Haven didn't permit other churches to operate while Connecticut allowed freedom of religion.
When the colony of New York was handed over to the Dutch in 1673, the eastern towns, including Southold, East Hampton and Southampton, refused to submit; the Dutch attempted to force the matter by arms, and the colonists of the towns repelled them, with assistance from Connecticut. When New York became English again in 1674, these eastern towns preferred to stay part of Connecticut, and Connecticut agreed, but the government of
James, Duke of York forced the matter. Governor Sir
Edmund Andros threatened to eliminate the residents' rights to land if they didn't yield, which they did by 1676. The Duke of York's intransigence was largely a result of his grudge against Connecticut, as New Haven had hidden three of the judges who sentenced the Duke's father,
King Charles I, to death in 1649.
The name Southold is believed by some to be a misspelling of
Southwold, which is a coastal town in the corresponding
English county of
Suffolk. This claim is debatable, but
John Youngs was born and brought up in
Southwold,
Suffolk,
England. Also within the NY hamlet is an area known as Reydon Shores,
Reydon which is the adjoining village to Southwold in England and the home of John Youngs' wife. An alternative explanation is that the name refers to a "holding" to the South [ofNew Haven]), from whence the original settlers hailed.
In 1650 the population of Southold was about 180, growing to 880 by 1698. The harbor at Greenport was important in trade, fishing, and whaling because it rarely froze over.
In November 1994, the village of
Greenport voted to
abolish its police department and turn responsibility for law and order over to the Southold Town Police.
Geography
The town is at the northeastern end of
Long Island,
New York on a
peninsula called the
North Fork. The
Long Island Sound separates the town from
Connecticut. The eastern end of the town, near
Orient Point, is north of the
Town of Shelter Island, but the town is separated from the
South Fork of Long Island by the
Great Peconic Bay and the
Little Peconic Bay. The western end of the town is the border of the
Town of Riverhead. Officially,
Robins Island,
Plum Island, and
Fishers Island are part of Southold township.
According to the
United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of 404.5
square miles (1,047.6
km²), of which, 53.7 square miles (139.1 km²) of it's land and 350.8 square miles (908.5 km²) of it (86.72%) is water.
Demographics
As of the
census of 2000, there were 20,599 people, 8,461 households, and 5,804 families residing in the town. The
population density was 383.5 people per square mile (148.1/km²). There were 13,769 housing units at an average density of 256.3/sq mi (99.0/km²). The racial makeup of the town was 93.53%
White, 2.91%
Black or
African American, 0.07%
Native American, 0.45%
Asian, 0.07%
Pacific Islander, 1.51% from
other races, and 1.47% from two or more races.
Hispanic or
Latino of any race were 4.77% of the population.
There were 8,461 households out of which 26.5% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 56.8% were
married couples living together, 8.5% had a female householder with no husband present, and 31.4% were non-families. 26.6% of all households were made up of individuals and 15.1% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.40 and the average family size was 2.90.
In the town the population was spread out with 21.5% under the age of 18, 5.2% from 18 to 24, 23.8% from 25 to 44, 26.5% from 45 to 64, and 23.1% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 45 years. For every 100 females there were 93.3 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 90.2 males.
The median income for a household in the town was $49,898, and the median income for a family was $61,108. Males had a median income of $46,334 versus $31,440 for females. The
per capita income for the town was $27,619. About 4.1% of families and 5.8% of the population were below the
poverty line, including 7.2% of those under age 18 and 5.4% of those age 65 or over.
Communities and locations
- Greenport, near the easternmost tip of the mainland.
Hamlets (unincorporated)
Cutchogue, in the western part of the town, originally a farming village
East Marion, in the eastern part of the town
Fishers Island, a hamlet located on Fishers Island
Laurel, by the western town line
Mattituck, in the western part of the town, settled in 1680
New Suffolk, in the southwest part of the town
Orient, near the eastern tip of the mainland
Peconic, in the central part of the town, southwest of Southold village
Southold, the hamlet of Southold, settled in 1640.
Greenport West
Other communities
Arshamonaque, between Greenport and Southold village
Bay Haven, on Little Peconic Bay
Bay View, on Great Hog Neck
Beixedon Estates
Cove, The
Cutchogue Station, north of Cutchogue
Fleet's Neck, South of Cutchogue
East Cutchogue, located east of Cutchogue
Eastwind Shores
Laughing Water, near Great Hog Neck
Nassau Farms
Nassau Point, on Little Hog Neck
Orient Point, at the eastern tip of the mainland
Reydon Shores, on Great Hog Neck (named after Reydon in Suffolk, England the birth place of the wife of the Rev. John Youngs.
Stirling, north of Greenport
Waterville, north of Matttituck
Islands
Fishers Island, in the eastern end of the Long Island Sound
Great Gull Island, (uninhabited) located east of Plum Island and west of Fisher's Island
Little Gull Island, (uninhabited) located east of Great Gull Island
Plum Island, a restricted research facility east of Orient Point
Robins Island, in the Great Peconic Bay
Geographic features
Great Hog Neck, a peninsula into Little Peconic Bay
Little Hog Neck, a peninsula into Peconic Bay
Long Beach Bay, a bay near Orient
Orient Harbor, a bay in the eastern part of the town
Orient Point, the easternmost tip of the mainland of the north fork of Long Island
State Parks
Orient Beach State Park, a state park on Orient Point
Transportation
Cross Sound Ferry Orient to New London, CT
North Ferry
, Greenport to Shelter Island
South Ferry, Shelter Island to North Haven
Long Island Rail Road, to New York City
Mattituck Airport, general aviation
Hampton Jitney coach bus
Suffolk County Transit public busesFurther Information
Get more info on 'Southold New York'.
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